I promised…last year (<-I can say that now) that I would write more on this topic as the incidence is quite high in canines. As such, ligament deficient doggies, post surgery or not, often have (& certainly need) rehabilitation.
Today I’d like to clarify some information that is frequently brought up in private emails I receive: you cannot specifically diagnose a CCL tear (partial or otherwise) via x-rays.
In fact, this is a “truth” for all ligaments including human ACLs because of the specific and different “properties” of body tissues.
It can be suspected with x-rays but to truly know you will need something more invasive like an MRI or surgical intervention. Often the diagnosis does not come about until after surgery when the joint is “opened up” and examined. Yes, this may be a little too late situation but the fact of the matter is ligaments do not heal themselves (<-Another future blogging topic and fact of ligament tissue.) so the good news is that if you chose surgical intervention, your dog has a better chance of returning to full function and will not experiencing a joint that will degenerate faster (than having not done any intervention).
These are just things to consider when are in this situation and the vet, or your orthopedic physician, suggests an MRI or suggests surgery. They are not (I would HOPE) trying to “get more money” out of you or are (necessarily) “knife happy”.
An x-ray can show substantial effusion (=swelling) around/in the knee joint. It can also show if there is extensive damage; for instance, like when the ligament tears and rips off a piece of bone with it or when there is degeneration from osteoarthritis or another arthritic condition.
The degree and severity, therefore, of a tear is also not decided through a regular, non-invasive exam (gait assessment, range of motion, palpation…) though these things are certainly helpful in assessing function and can be useful in conjunction with more invasive procedures to confirm the tissue’s status.
CLICK HERE to read more information about this topic.
Remember: the Cranial Cruciate Ligament functions as the Anterior Cruciate Ligament, or ACL, that we hear of seemingly all the time in people! Cranial is simply the term used in vet speak to describe or identify direction.